Caduceus S — AR Navigation

Navigation you never look away from

Caduceus S is an augmented reality navigation system for spinal surgery. It projects the navigation image into the surgeon's own line of sight, so the plan, the instrument and the anatomy stay in one view — no glance across the room at a monitor, no preoperative CT, and two to four fluoroscopy images before the first screw goes in.

Cleared by the US FDA under 510(k), and licensed as a Class II medical device by Taiwan's TFDA and the Thai FDA.

What it is

Augmented reality, brought into the surgical field

Caduceus S is an advanced augmented reality surgical navigation system built for spinal procedures. By projecting real-time AR visuals directly into the surgeon's field of view, it supports precise navigation and minimally invasive technique without adding a screen, a scan or a second imaging device to the room.

Four things it changes about a spine case

  • Real-time AR projection — the navigation image appears directly in front of the surgeon's eyes, so attention stays on the operative field instead of a monitor across the room
  • Ultra-precise positioning — a GPS for the body. The system reports the distance, direction and angle to the target lesion with an error margin under 2 mm
  • Minimally invasive support — smaller incisions and less blood loss, which is what makes a shorter recovery possible
  • Reduced radiation exposure — two to four X-ray images for the whole case, against the extensive imaging a conventional navigation workflow depends on
The Caduceus S system: a tracking camera on a wheeled stand beside a second
                  cart carrying a touchscreen, which shows AP and lateral fluoroscopy views of
                  a lumbar spine with a planned trajectory line drawn through a vertebra.
2mm Positioning Accuracy
10 min Typical Setup Time
2–4 X-ray Images Per Case

AR navigation in action

Why augmented reality for spinal surgery?

Augmented reality merges the imaging with the real surgical environment rather than putting it on a screen beside it. That gives the surgeon real-time, intuitive guidance and a better-informed decision at every step. Six reasons it is where spinal navigation is going.

A live case, seen the way the surgeon sees it

The spine model is registered onto the patient and stays there as the surgeon moves. Nothing on this footage is a mock-up — it is a real procedure in a real operating room.

The glance that AR removes

Conventional navigation asks the surgeon to look away from the wound to a screen on the far side of the room. Every glance costs focus. With Caduceus S the image is already in front of them.

Set up in about ten minutes

Registration is done from the C-arm images themselves, so the room is ready in roughly ten minutes rather than the thirty to forty a conventional system needs.

Enhanced surgical precision

Critical imaging is projected into the surgeon's field of view, so instrument navigation is calculated rather than estimated. Caduceus S delivers accuracy within 2 mm, which is the margin pedicle screw and rod placement is judged on.

Real-time guidance

Traditional navigation breaks the surgeon's concentration every time they turn to a monitor. Putting the data in their line of sight keeps them on the operative field and takes one class of human error out of the procedure.

Minimally invasive procedures

A clear, accurate view of the surgical area is what allows a smaller, more precise incision. That means less blood loss, a lower risk of complications and a faster recovery for the patient.

Efficiency and speed

Setup is streamlined to about ten minutes, against thirty to forty for conventional systems. In a busy operating room that shortens the list; for the patient it shortens the time under anaesthesia.

Four headsets at once

Up to four people — surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, a rep — can wear the glasses simultaneously and see the same navigation. The case teaches the team while it is being done.

Works with what you already own

Caduceus S is built around existing hospital imaging, whether that is a 2D C-arm or 3D intraoperative imaging. Moving to AR-assisted surgery does not mean buying a new imaging suite first.

As AR matures its effect on spinal surgery grows rather than settles — better results, and a more efficient procedure for surgeon and patient alike. What that means clinically

Clinical benefits

What it changes, case after case

Precision is the headline, but the reasons surgeons keep the system in the room are more ordinary than that: the image is where they are looking, the whole team can see it, the instruments are the ones they already use, and the patient leaves with far less radiation than a conventional workflow would have given them.

Intuitive imaging, in the surgeon's own line of sight

The navigation image is displayed directly in the surgeon's field of view, which removes the need to look away at an external monitor to check position. Focus stays on the surgical site through the parts of the case where focus matters most.

The image itself arrives over a high-resolution wireless transmission system, so there is no cable run between the cart and the headset and no perceptible lag between what the instrument is doing and what the surgeon sees.

A surgeon in a blue gown wearing the Caduceus S headset leans over a patient,
                  a translucent navigation panel showing two spine views floating in front of
                  them while a second surgeon works out of focus in the foreground.

Up to four headsets in the same room

The system supports four headsets at once, so the surgeon, the assisting staff and anyone else scrubbed in are looking at the same navigation rather than at each other's description of it. Position can be discussed and confirmed out loud, in real time, by people who can all see the thing being discussed.

It also makes the case a teaching case at no extra cost — residents and nurses follow the anatomy as the surgeon works through it, instead of watching a monitor that is angled for somebody else.

Four members of a surgical team in an operating theatre, each wearing a
                  Caduceus S headset over their surgical cap, gathered around a draped patient
                  with imaging displayed on a monitor behind them.

Ultra-low radiation mode

Radiation dose is not a detail. It accumulates in the patient, and over a career it accumulates in the surgical team, raising the long-term risk of radiation-induced harm — including to bone marrow and the haematopoietic function that depends on it.

Caduceus S runs an ultra-low radiation mode. For patients and for everyone standing in the room, that is a large reduction in exposure for the same operation.

  • No preoperative CT — the highest-dose scan in a conventional navigation workflow is not part of this one
  • Two to four X-ray images taken before the incision to register the anatomy — and that is the imaging for the case
  • No repeated confirmation shots during the procedure, which is where a conventional case quietly accumulates most of its dose
  • The team benefits too — dose the patient does not receive is dose the surgeon and the scrub team do not stand in either
A surgeon wearing the Caduceus S headset stands over a draped patient in a
                  real operating theatre. A green 3D model of the lumbar spine is projected
                  onto the patient's lower back, with a floating panel of fluoroscopy views
                  beside it.

High-resolution wireless imaging

An advanced wireless transmission system delivers high-resolution images to the headset in real time, which is what makes navigation accurate rather than approximately accurate.

Shorter procedure time

Efficient navigation reduces procedure time and holds up through a long case, so a difficult multi-level construct does not become a fight with the equipment.

Universal instruments

Caduceus S navigates with universal surgical instruments. No brand is mandated and nothing has to be swapped out, so the tray stays the one the surgeon knows.

Caduceus S is cleared by the US FDA under 510(k) and licensed as a Class II medical device by Taiwan's TFDA and the Thai FDA, and is manufactured under an ISO 13485:2016 quality management system. See every certification in full

Minimally invasive

Real MIS — 2 to 3 cm per segment, with the plan in view

Caduceus S is designed to raise the precision and the efficiency of minimally invasive spinal procedures. Whether the room has a 2D C-arm or 3D imaging, the system puts real-time, highly accurate information into the surgeon's line of sight rather than on a screen behind them.

Precision within 2 mm

Accuracy within 2 mm is the number the rest of the argument rests on. It lets the surgeon commit to a trajectory instead of checking it, and it is what makes a keyhole approach a reasonable thing to attempt on a spine.

  • Distance, direction and angle to the target lesion, read live rather than inferred from two static views
  • Depth, on the way in — the trajectory and the graduated depth scale sit on the fluoroscopy image, so how far the instrument has travelled is a reading, not a judgement
  • 2 to 3 cm per segment against 5 to 10 cm for traditional open spine surgery, with correspondingly less blood loss
  • About a month of recovery rather than the two to three months an open procedure typically asks for
Two surgeons bent over a patient, one wearing the Caduceus S headset. A
                  floating panel in front of them shows two fluoroscopy views of a lumbar
                  spine, each with a green trajectory line and a blue graduated depth scale
                  running into a vertebral body.

Seamless with 2D and 3D imaging — and switchable mid-case

The same headset renders a flat fluoroscopy panel, a 3D model registered onto the patient, or both together. Which one is in front of the surgeon is a choice made during the procedure, not a configuration decided when the system was bought.

Two surgeons in a darkened operating room wearing Caduceus S headsets, a
                    bright green 3D model of the lumbar spine projected onto the draped
                    patient in front of them.

The plan, on the patient

A 3D model of the spine registered to the body itself, so the anatomy under the drape is visible in place rather than in the abstract.

The same darkened operating room, now with both a green 3D spine model on
                    the patient and a translucent panel of fluoroscopy views with planned
                    screw trajectories floating above it.

Both at once, when the step needs it

The registered model and the fluoroscopy panel together — the overview and the measurement in one field of view, with no screen equipment added to the room.

Fewer incisions to close, less blood lost and a faster return to normal life: the point of minimally invasive surgery has never been the size of the scar, it has been what the smaller scar makes possible.

Side by side

How it compares

Set against the two things a spine surgeon is choosing between — another navigation system, or open surgery without navigation at all — the differences are not marginal. They are in setup time, in radiation, in how long the patient stays, and in whether the surgeon has to look away from the wound.

Before, and after

The change is easy to state and hard to overstate. On one side, a surgeon leaning into an open wound and turning to a monitor to check where they are. On the other, the same procedure with the imaging held in front of them and an incision small enough that most of it has stopped being an incision.

The figures in the table below are the ones the company measures its own system against. They are typical values for a single-segment case, not guarantees — every patient and every construct differs.

A two-panel comparison. Left, labelled before: a surgeon works with
                  instruments inside an open surgical wound. Right, labelled after: two
                  surgeons wearing Caduceus S headsets operate through a small incision with a
                  navigation panel showing spine imaging floating in front of them.
Aspect Caduceus S AR navigation Other spine navigation systems Traditional open spine surgery
Screen glances None Frequent Frequent
Setup time ~10 minutes ~30–40 minutes Not applicable
X-ray images required 2–4 Extensive Extensive
Preoperative CT scan Not required Required Not required
Operation time ~2–4 hours ~3–5 hours ~3–5 hours
Hospital stay ~0–4 days ~2–4 days ~7–10 days
Postoperative recovery ~1 month ~1 month ~2–3 months
Incision size per segment ~2–3 cm ~2–3 cm ~5–10 cm

Typical values for a single-segment procedure, as measured by Surglasses. Actual results depend on the patient, the pathology and the construct.

Deployment settings

A hospital and an outpatient centre need different things

Caduceus S is one system with more than one shape. A hospital with 3D imaging or an intraoperative CT can navigate from a volume; an outpatient surgery centre with a single 2D C-arm can run the same AR-guided procedure without buying one.

Hospitals

For hospitals the system adds a 3D C-arm module and an intraoperative CT module — O-arm or a hybrid OR. It builds the 3D image during the case and projects it onto the surgical area through AR, and the surgeon can pick between three perspectives as the procedure demands.

Both modules attach to imaging equipment the hospital already owns, so the move to AR navigation is a change of workflow rather than a capital purchase. Which module runs is the hospital's choice: 2D C-arm for speed, intraoperative 3D for the cases that warrant it.

The individual navigation modules — 2D C-arm, 3D C-arm and Intra-CT — are described in detail on the Caduceus S navigation page.

Two surgeons in green gowns and Caduceus S headsets operating in a hospital
                  theatre. The Caduceus S tracking camera and its touchscreen stand between
                  them showing two fluoroscopy views, and a green 3D model of the spine lies
                  along the draped patient.

Outpatient and ambulatory surgery centres

The case for OSCs and ASCs is largely financial. Caduceus S navigates from a standard 2D C-arm, so a centre can offer AR-guided spinal surgery without investing in 3D imaging. Two to four X-ray images before the incision, no intraoperative CT, and no second imaging device to find room for.

It adapts to the room rather than the other way round — large theatre or small procedure room — and the same system covers both traditional and minimally invasive navigation, so the choice stays with the surgeon and the patient in front of them.

Simpler workflow, lower cost per case, and precision that does not depend on equipment an outpatient centre would struggle to justify.

Animated view of the compact Caduceus S navigation cart, a wheeled blue and
                  white unit carrying a display on an articulated arm and a work surface.

In either setting the clinical work is the same: pedicle screw insertion, scoliosis correction and vertebral fracture repair are what the system was built to navigate, and complex constructs are where AR earns its place.

Caduceus S — laptop version

Portable AR navigation

The same navigation, running on a laptop. Deployable across operating rooms, designed for speed, and light enough that moving it between theatres is not a decision anybody has to weigh up first.

One module, no cart

The laptop version supports one navigation module per software installation, chosen at purchase: the C-arm module, the 3D C-arm module, or the I-CT module as an option. Everything else — the AR projection, the sub-2 mm positioning, the two to four fluoroscopy images, the 2 to 3 cm incisions — is what the full system does.

  • Quick bootstrapping — about ten minutes to set up, with minimal change to the existing workflow
  • Compact and mobile — no bulky equipment, and no repeated table or C-arm height adjustments to get a usable image
  • Fewer C-arm reshoots — the flow through the case is smoother, which is most of what surgeons notice first
  • Spine implant and MIS procedures — the same two families of case the cart-based system is used for
A clinician in a white coat and safety glasses lifting a Caduceus S headset
                  onto her head with a gloved hand, a translucent panel of two spine
                  radiographs with planned trajectories floating in front of her.

Augmented reality, actual results

See it in your own operating room

Tell us what imaging you already have — a 2D C-arm, a 3D C-arm, an intraoperative CT — and the procedures you run most often, and we will show you the configuration that fits. Online, or on site with the system in front of you. If you are in Southern California we can bring the demo to you.